| ※필사 자료에 대한 공지(필독)※ - 해당 자료는 개인의 공부를 위한 목적으로 쓰여진 자료임으로 불확실한 정보가 포함되어 있을 수 있음 (2차 가공 등 재가공을 기본적으로 금지하며, 이로인해 발생한 책임은 재가공자 본인에게 있음을 밝힘) - 모든 해석은 의역을 기본으로 하며, 내용 이해에 중점을 두었음 - 해석의 오류 및 더 확실한 해석 등이 있어 도움을 주고자 한다면 댓글로 남겨주세요 - 무분별한 공격성 댓글은 신고 예정 |
먼저 원문만 읽어보세요
The Chinese tariffs will go into effect on March 10 and could hit billions of dollars’ worth of U.S. goods.
A woman sells vegetables at a market in Shanghai on Feb. 28. China on Tuesday announced retaliatory tariffs on a broad range of U.S. agricultural products, including meat, dairy and produce. (Alex Plavevski/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock)
China is the largest market for American farm products, accounting for 17 percent of total U.S. agricultural exports in 2023, according to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
China last year imported almost $20 billion in soybeans, corn, cotton and the other U.S. farm products that will be subject to the new tariffs, according to USDA data. Those products accounted for about 80 percent of all U.S. agricultural exports to China.
Futures tied to corn and wheat had shed more than 2 percent by late morning, tracking along with a broader stock market sell-off. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 1.5 percent as several leading industrial firms were hit hard: John Deere shares were down 2.6 percent, General Motors fell 3.2 percent, and Ford declined 2.9 percent.
The nascent trade war began shortly after Trump’s return to the White House and has ratcheted up quickly, involving China as well as U.S. partners.
In early February, Trump imposed 25 percent levies on Canadian and Mexican merchandise, saying they weren’t doing enough to stop the movement of fentanyl and migrants over the U.S. borders. (Canada is the source of a minuscule amount of those flows.) The president then delayed the tariffs by one month as the two countries scrambled to beef up border security. Nonetheless, Trump went ahead with the penalties on Tuesday.
At the same time, he slapped a 10 percent tax on Chinese imports, saying that China had also failed to stem the flow of fentanyl to the United States.
China responded with 15 percent tariffs on imports of U.S. coal and liquefied natural gas, as well as a 10 percent tariff on agricultural equipment and crude oil; restrictions on exports of minerals used to make high-tech products; an antitrust investigation of Google; and the blacklisting of two other U.S. companies.
President Donald Trump at a news conference in the White House on Monday. He said he didn't expected China to “retaliate too much” against his latest round of tariffs. (Annabelle Gordon/For The Washington Post)
At the time, analysts said Beijing’s response was relatively restrained as it only targeted certain products. It was a sign that Chinese leader Xi Jinping, facing a slowing economy and an increasingly disenchanted public, could be open to striking a trade deal with Trump, they said.
But the president’s latest announcement and Beijing’s response raise the likelihood that the two countries will become embroiled in a cycle of retaliatory tariffs, experts say.
“Trump is swinging his tariff stick harder and harder,” said Zhu Feng, director of the Institute of International Studies at Nanjing University.
“The trade war is a huge disruption and blow to the normal economic and trade relations between China and the United States, and it will certainly bring new and significant pressure to China’s economy and development,” he said.
While the leaders of Canada and Mexico have held talks with the U.S. president to try to reach agreements, Xi and Trump have had no such conversation. Top officials including Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Secretary of State Marco Rubio have had calls with their Chinese counterparts, but Trump suggested earlier this month that he was in no rush to speak to Xi.
During his first term, Trump placed tariffs on Chinese products to try to reduce China’s trade surplus with the United States, resulting in a two-year tit-for-tat trade war. In a deal that was struck in 2020, China pledged to buy an additional $200 billion in U.S. goods over two years but ultimately failed to fulfill its pledge.
The new U.S. measures will result in levies as high as 45 percent on some Chinese goods that were already targeted during Trump’s first term, including home appliances, electronics, clothing and machinery.
Chinese state media and commentators have been stressing that Beijing has been preparing for a second trade war by focusing on new export markets and launching stimulus measures at home.
China has sought to reduce its reliance on the United States by buying more farm products from other countries. But in China’s slowing economy, ordinary people will likely still suffer from the higher prices.
“China’s main concern now is to improve its situation at home — build moats and fortresses — and wait for the U.S. to make an offer before a tough battle comes,” said Zhao Minghao, deputy director of the Center for American Studies at Fudan University.
Lynch reported from Washington, Coletta from Toronto and Sheridan from Mexico City. Pei-Lin Wu in Taipei, Taiwan, Lyric Li in Seoul and Aaron Gregg in Washington contributed to this report.
#원문 읽기
China, Mexico and Canada to retaliate after Trump imposes new tariffs - The Washington Post
스크립트를 제공해드릴게요
24. The Chinese tariffs will go into effect on March 10 and could hit billions of dollars’ worth of U.S. goods.
👉 중국의 관세는 3월 10일부터 발효되며, 수십억 달러 규모의 미국산 제품에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.
🔹 단어 정리
- go into effect: 발효되다
- hit ~: ~에 타격을 주다
- billions of dollars’ worth of ~: 수십억 달러어치의 ~
25. China is the largest market for American farm products, accounting for 17 percent of total U.S. agricultural exports in 2023, according to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
👉 중국은 미국 농산물의 최대 시장이며, 2023년 미국 전체 농산물 수출의 17%를 차지했다고 미국 농무부 자료는 밝혔다.
🔹 단어 정리
- largest market: 최대 시장
- account for ~: ~을 차지하다
- total U.S. agricultural exports: 미국 전체 농산물 수출
26. China last year imported almost $20 billion in soybeans, corn, cotton and the other U.S. farm products that will be subject to the new tariffs, according to USDA data.
👉 미국 농무부(USDA) 자료에 따르면, 지난해 중국은 약 200억 달러 규모의 대두, 옥수수, 면화 및 기타 미국산 농산물을 수입했으며, 이들 제품은 이번 새로운 관세의 대상이 될 것이다.
🔹 단어 정리
- import: 수입하다
- be subject to ~: ~의 대상이 되다
- USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture): 미국 농무부
27. Those products accounted for about 80 percent of all U.S. agricultural exports to China.
👉 이들 제품은 미국의 대중국 농산물 수출의 약 80%를 차지했다.
🔹 단어 정리
- account for ~: ~을 차지하다
28. Futures tied to corn and wheat had shed more than 2 percent by late morning, tracking along with a broader stock market sell-off.
👉 옥수수와 밀 관련 선물 가격은 오전 늦게까지 2% 이상 하락했으며, 이는 전반적인 주식 시장 매도세와 함께 움직였다.
🔹 단어 정리
- futures: 선물 (금융 상품)
- shed: (가치가) 하락하다
- stock market sell-off: 주식 시장 매도세
29. The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 1.5 percent as several leading industrial firms were hit hard: John Deere shares were down 2.6 percent, General Motors fell 3.2 percent, and Ford declined 2.9 percent.
👉 다우존스 산업평균지수는 1.5% 하락했으며, 주요 산업 기업들이 큰 타격을 입었다. 존 디어 주가는 2.6% 하락했고, 제너럴 모터스는 3.2%, 포드는 2.9% 떨어졌다.
🔹 단어 정리
- Dow Jones Industrial Average: 다우존스 산업평균지수
- lose ~ percent: ~% 하락하다
- shares: 주식
- decline: 하락하다
30. The nascent trade war began shortly after Trump’s return to the White House and has ratcheted up quickly, involving China as well as U.S. partners.
👉 막 시작된 무역 전쟁은 트럼프 대통령이 백악관에 복귀한 직후 시작되었으며, 빠르게 격화되며 중국뿐만 아니라 미국의 동맹국들도 연루되었다.
🔹 단어 정리
- nascent: 초기의, 막 시작된
- ratchet up: (단계적으로) 증가하다, 격화되다
- involve: 포함하다, 연루시키다
31. In early February, Trump imposed 25 percent levies on Canadian and Mexican merchandise, saying they weren’t doing enough to stop the movement of fentanyl and migrants over the U.S. borders.
👉 2월 초, 트럼프 대통령은 캐나다와 멕시코 제품에 25%의 관세를 부과하며, 이들 국가가 미국 국경을 통한 펜타닐과 이민자 유입을 막기 위해 충분한 조치를 취하지 않았다고 주장했다.
🔹 단어 정리
- levies: 세금, 관세
- merchandise: 상품
- movement of ~: ~의 이동
32. At the same time, he slapped a 10 percent tax on Chinese imports, saying that China had also failed to stem the flow of fentanyl to the United States.
👉 동시에 그는 중국산 제품에 10%의 세금을 부과하며, 중국 또한 미국으로의 펜타닐 유입을 막지 못했다고 주장했다.
🔹 단어 정리
- slap a tax on ~: ~에 세금을 부과하다
- stem the flow of ~: ~의 흐름을 막다
33. China responded with 15 percent tariffs on imports of U.S. coal and liquefied natural gas, as well as a 10 percent tariff on agricultural equipment and crude oil.
👉 중국은 이에 대응하여 미국산 석탄과 액화천연가스(LNG)에 15%의 관세를 부과하고, 농기계 및 원유에 10%의 관세를 매겼다.
🔹 단어 정리
- liquefied natural gas (LNG): 액화천연가스
- crude oil: 원유
34. The trade war is a huge disruption and blow to the normal economic and trade relations between China and the United States, and it will certainly bring new and significant pressure to China’s economy and development.
👉 이 무역 전쟁은 중국과 미국 간 정상적인 경제 및 무역 관계에 큰 혼란과 타격을 주며, 중국 경제와 발전에 새로운 중대한 압력을 가할 것이 분명하다.
🔹 단어 정리
- disruption: 혼란, 중단
- blow: 타격
- significant pressure: 중대한 압력
35. The new U.S. measures will result in levies as high as 45 percent on some Chinese goods that were already targeted during Trump’s first term, including home appliances, electronics, clothing and machinery.
👉 이번 미국의 새로운 조치는 가전제품, 전자제품, 의류 및 기계를 포함한 일부 중국산 제품에 대해 최대 45%의 관세를 부과하게 될 것이다. 이들 제품은 이미 트럼프 대통령의 첫 임기 때 관세 대상이었던 품목들이다.
🔹 단어 정리
- measures: 조치, 정책
- result in ~: ~을 초래하다
- home appliances: 가전제품